{"id":7390,"date":"2021-03-01T22:16:15","date_gmt":"2021-03-01T21:16:15","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.stanzeitaliane.it\/?p=7390"},"modified":"2022-03-06T19:30:36","modified_gmt":"2022-03-06T18:30:36","slug":"23-cat-23-constancia-en","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.stanzeitaliane.it\/en\/23-cat-23-constancia-en","title":{"rendered":"23. Casket for Joshua and Effie Whitaker"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><div class=\"fusion-fullwidth fullwidth-box fusion-builder-row-1 fusion-flex-container nonhundred-percent-fullwidth non-hundred-percent-height-scrolling\" style=\"background-color: #0071bb;background-position: center center;background-repeat: no-repeat;border-width: 0px 0px 0px 0px;border-color:#eae9e9;border-style:solid;\" ><div class=\"fusion-builder-row fusion-row fusion-flex-align-items-flex-start\" style=\"max-width:1216.8px;margin-left: calc(-4% \/ 2 );margin-right: calc(-4% \/ 2 );\"><div class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-0 fusion_builder_column_1_1 1_1 fusion-flex-column\"><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-flex-justify-content-flex-start fusion-content-layout-column\" style=\"background-position:left top;background-repeat:no-repeat;-webkit-background-size:cover;-moz-background-size:cover;-o-background-size:cover;background-size:cover;padding: 0px 0px 0px 0px;\"><div style=\"text-align:left;\"><span class=\" fusion-imageframe imageframe-none imageframe-1 hover-type-none\"><img width=\"1380\" height=\"1080\" title=\"Constancia Cat 23\" src=\"https:\/\/www.stanzeitaliane.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/Constancia-Cat-23.jpg\" class=\"img-responsive wp-image-7299\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.stanzeitaliane.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/Constancia-Cat-23-200x157.jpg 200w, https:\/\/www.stanzeitaliane.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/Constancia-Cat-23-400x313.jpg 400w, https:\/\/www.stanzeitaliane.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/Constancia-Cat-23-600x470.jpg 600w, https:\/\/www.stanzeitaliane.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/Constancia-Cat-23-800x626.jpg 800w, https:\/\/www.stanzeitaliane.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/Constancia-Cat-23-1200x939.jpg 1200w, https:\/\/www.stanzeitaliane.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/Constancia-Cat-23.jpg 1380w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, (max-width: 640px) 100vw, 1200px\" \/><\/span><\/div><style type=\"text\/css\">@media only screen and (max-width:1024px) {.fusion-title.fusion-title-1{margin-top:10%!important;margin-bottom:!important;}}@media only screen and (max-width:640px) {.fusion-title.fusion-title-1{margin-top:15%!important;margin-bottom:20px!important;}}<\/style><div class=\"fusion-title title fusion-title-1 fusion-sep-none fusion-title-text fusion-title-size-one\" style=\"margin-top:2%;margin-bottom:20px;\"><h1 class=\"title-heading-left\" style=\"font-family:&quot;Titillium Web&quot;;font-weight:700;margin:0;color:#ffffff;\"><h1>23. Casket for Joshua and Effie Whitaker<\/h1><\/h1><\/div><div class=\"fusion-text fusion-text-1\" style=\"font-size:16px;line-height:2;font-family:&quot;PT Serif&quot;;font-weight:400;transform:translate3d(0,0,0);\"><p class=\"p1\">Andrea Onufrio and Rosario Bagnasco, ca.1889-1890<br \/>\n<strong>Casket for Joshua and Effie Whitaker<\/strong><br \/>\nwith Coronation of Peter III of Aragon together with Constance of Swabia<br \/>\nBISHOP JOHN THE THIRD, AUGUST 30, 1282 \/ PETER OF<br \/>\nARAGON + CONSTANCE\/ PETER I SHALL BE FOR PETER KING<br \/>\nOF SICILY \/ CONSTANCE DAUGHTER OF KING MANFRED HERE<br \/>\nGAVE THE ROYAL SCEPTER TO HER HUSBAND PETER \/<br \/>\nSAINT PAUL.<br \/>\npolychromed and gilded engraved bone<br \/>\nplaques on wooden structure (13x33x25 cm)<br \/>\nRome, private collection<br \/>\n(owner\u2019s photo)<\/p>\n<\/div><div class=\"fusion-text fusion-text-2\" style=\"font-size:16px;line-height:2;font-family:&quot;PT Serif&quot;;font-weight:400;transform:translate3d(0,0,0);\"><p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">This precious bone casket is influenced by the medieval ones, mainly produced by the <\/span><i><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Embriachi<\/span><\/i><span data-contrast=\"auto\">, but also by craftsmen from Southern Italy and present, for example, in the collection of the Palatine Chapel of Palermo (cat. 28).<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335551550&quot;:6,&quot;335551620&quot;:6,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:259,&quot;469777462&quot;:&#091;455&#093;,&quot;469777927&quot;:&#091;0&#093;,&quot;469777928&quot;:&#091;1&#093;}\"><br \/>\n<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">It was designed by cultured furniture maker from Palermo Andrea Onufrio (1828-1908), specialized in the recovery of ancient craft traditions, and it was by carver Rosario Bagnasco, in opposition to the rising culture of serial production. Some of Onufrio\u2019s works were awarded the gold medal at the Universal Exposition of Paris in 1900.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335551550&quot;:6,&quot;335551620&quot;:6,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:259,&quot;469777462&quot;:&#091;455&#093;,&quot;469777927&quot;:&#091;0&#093;,&quot;469777928&quot;:&#091;1&#093;}\"><br \/>\n<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">It was commissioned by a woman, Euphrosine Manuel, called Effie, originally from Gibraltar and wife of Joshua Whitaker, heir to a very wealthy family of English origin settled in Palermo in the early decades of the nineteenth century and with several investments in Boston and New York.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335551550&quot;:6,&quot;335551620&quot;:6,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:259,&quot;469777462&quot;:&#091;455&#093;,&quot;469777927&quot;:&#091;0&#093;,&quot;469777928&quot;:&#091;1&#093;}\"><br \/>\n<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">The artist wanted to create a production made of unique pieces that recalled a purely Sicilian style. But, besides the neo-gothic style, he represented in his works episodes of the glorious history of the Kingdom of Sicily.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335551550&quot;:6,&quot;335551620&quot;:6,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:259,&quot;469777462&quot;:&#091;455&#093;,&quot;469777927&quot;:&#091;0&#093;,&quot;469777928&quot;:&#091;1&#093;}\"><br \/>\n<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">On the cover, he represented the coronation of Peter III of Aragon as King of Sicily with Constance of Swabia, following the Vespers revolt in 1282 (Focus 24). The Latin inscription in the cartouche at the bottom clearly states the role of Constance of Swabia: she is the heir to the kingdom, she grants the scepter to her husband.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335551550&quot;:6,&quot;335551620&quot;:6,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:259,&quot;469777462&quot;:&#091;455&#093;,&quot;469777927&quot;:&#091;0&#093;,&quot;469777928&quot;:&#091;1&#093;}\"><br \/>\n<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Her great-grandmother, Constance of Hauteville, had the same destiny, as she brought the Kingdom of Sicily as a dowry to Henry VI of Swabia.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335551550&quot;:6,&quot;335551620&quot;:6,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:259,&quot;469777462&quot;:&#091;455&#093;,&quot;469777927&quot;:&#091;0&#093;,&quot;469777928&quot;:&#091;1&#093;}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div><div class=\"fusion-text fusion-text-3\" style=\"font-size:16px;line-height:2;font-family:&quot;PT Serif&quot;;font-weight:400;transform:translate3d(0,0,0);\"><h3><strong>Focus &#8211; Kings, Queens, Emperors and Empresses on the Whitaker casket<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p>The casket portrays part of the royal genealogy of the Kingdom of Sicily up to Constance of Swabia, holder of the crown of the kingdom that she will grant to her husband Peter III of Aragon. From her the dynasty of Aragon-Sicily will be born.<br \/>\nThe carved figures can be identified through the inscriptions and represent the Norman-Swabian sovereigns of the kingdom with some their wives.<br \/>\nOn the back, there are Henry VI of Swabia (1165-1197) with Constance of Hauteville (1154-1198), together with King William I called \u201cthe Bad\u201d (brother of Constance, 1120-1166), buried in the Cathedral of Monreale (cat. 15), and the latter\u2019s son, William II (1153-1189), instead called \u201cthe Good\u201d, founder of the monastic complex of Monreale (cat. 16, 17).<br \/>\nOn the left side, with the imperial eagle of the Hohenstaufens, we see Manfred (son of Frederick II, 1232-1266) and Conradin (son of Conrad IV, 1252-1268).<br \/>\nOn the right side, again with the eagle of the Hohenstaufens family, there is Frederick II (1194-1250) with his son and heir Conrad IV (1228-1254).<br \/>\nThe front perhaps portrays Peter III of Aragon and Constance of Swabia to whose left, under the so-called coat of arms Hauteville, are Roger \u201cthe Great Count\u201d of Sicily (1031-1101), who conquered the island back from the Muslims, and his son Roger II (1095-1154), first King of Sicily and father of Constance of Hauteville.<br \/>\nOn the lid, you see the coronation of Peter III of Aragon as King of Sicily with Constance of Swabia, daughter of Manfred, following the Vespers revolt in 1282 (Focus 24). On their sides are St. Peter (left) \u2013 who points to the royal couple and in the cartouche declares his support to the new king, for whom he will be as a stone (from his name Peter, Petrus in Latin, meaning stone) \u2013 and St. Paul (right).<br \/>\nThe Latin inscription in the cartouche at the bottom clearly states the role of Constance of Swabia: she is the heir to the kingdom, she grants the scepter to her husband (cat. 23).<\/p>\n<\/div><div ><style type=\"text\/css\">.fusion-button.button-1 .fusion-button-text, .fusion-button.button-1 i {color:#0071bb;}.fusion-button.button-1 .fusion-button-icon-divider{border-color:#0071bb;}.fusion-button.button-1:hover .fusion-button-text, .fusion-button.button-1:hover i,.fusion-button.button-1:focus .fusion-button-text, .fusion-button.button-1:focus i,.fusion-button.button-1:active .fusion-button-text, .fusion-button.button-1:active{color:#0071bb;}.fusion-button.button-1:hover .fusion-button-icon-divider, .fusion-button.button-1:hover .fusion-button-icon-divider, .fusion-button.button-1:active .fusion-button-icon-divider{border-color:#0071bb;}.fusion-button.button-1:hover, .fusion-button.button-1:focus, .fusion-button.button-1:active{border-color:#4b4e52;}.fusion-button.button-1 {border-color:#cccccc;border-radius:0px;}.fusion-button.button-1{background: #ffffff;}.fusion-button.button-1:hover,.button-1:focus,.fusion-button.button-1:active{background: #ffffff;}<\/style><a class=\"fusion-button button-flat button-medium button-custom button-1 fusion-button-span-no fusion-button-default-type\" target=\"_self\" href=\"https:\/\/www.stanzeitaliane.it\/en\/constancia-exhibition-artworks\"><i class=\"fa-angle-double-left fas button-icon-left\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i><span class=\"fusion-button-text\">BACK TO START<\/span><\/a><\/div><div class=\"fusion-separator fusion-full-width-sep\" style=\"align-self: center;margin-left: auto;margin-right: auto;width:100%;\"><div class=\"fusion-separator-border sep-double sep-solid\" style=\"border-color:#0071bb;border-top-width:3px;border-bottom-width:3px;\"><\/div><\/div><div ><style type=\"text\/css\">.fusion-button.button-2 .fusion-button-text, .fusion-button.button-2 i {color:#0071bb;}.fusion-button.button-2 .fusion-button-icon-divider{border-color:#0071bb;}.fusion-button.button-2:hover .fusion-button-text, .fusion-button.button-2:hover i,.fusion-button.button-2:focus .fusion-button-text, .fusion-button.button-2:focus i,.fusion-button.button-2:active .fusion-button-text, .fusion-button.button-2:active{color:#0071bb;}.fusion-button.button-2:hover .fusion-button-icon-divider, .fusion-button.button-2:hover .fusion-button-icon-divider, .fusion-button.button-2:active .fusion-button-icon-divider{border-color:#0071bb;}.fusion-button.button-2:hover, .fusion-button.button-2:focus, .fusion-button.button-2:active{border-color:#4b4e52;}.fusion-button.button-2 {border-color:#cccccc;border-radius:0px;}.fusion-button.button-2{background: #ffffff;}.fusion-button.button-2:hover,.button-2:focus,.fusion-button.button-2:active{background: #ffffff;}<\/style><a class=\"fusion-button button-flat button-medium button-custom button-2 fusion-button-span-no fusion-button-default-type\" target=\"_self\" href=\"https:\/\/www.stanzeitaliane.it\/en\/portfolio-items\/gallery-constancia\"><i class=\"fa-angle-double-left fas button-icon-left\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i><span class=\"fusion-button-text\">BACK TO CONSTANCIA&#8217;S ROOM<\/span><\/a><\/div><\/div><\/div><style type=\"text\/css\">.fusion-body .fusion-builder-column-0{width:100% !important;margin-top : 15px;margin-bottom : 50px;}.fusion-builder-column-0 > .fusion-column-wrapper {padding-top : 0px !important;padding-right : 0px !important;margin-right : 1.92%;padding-bottom : 0px !important;padding-left : 0px !important;margin-left : 1.92%;}@media only screen and (max-width:1024px) {.fusion-body .fusion-builder-column-0{width:100% !important;order : 0;}.fusion-builder-column-0 > .fusion-column-wrapper {margin-right : 1.92%;margin-left : 1.92%;}}@media only screen and (max-width:640px) {.fusion-body .fusion-builder-column-0{width:100% !important;order : 0;}.fusion-builder-column-0 > .fusion-column-wrapper {margin-right : 1.92%;margin-left : 1.92%;}}<\/style><\/div><style type=\"text\/css\">.fusion-body .fusion-flex-container.fusion-builder-row-1{ padding-top : 0px;margin-top : 10%;padding-right : 0px;padding-bottom : 0px;margin-bottom : 0px;padding-left : 0px;}@media only screen and (max-width:1024px) {.fusion-body .fusion-flex-container.fusion-builder-row-1{ padding-top : 15%;margin-top : 15%;}}@media only screen and (max-width:640px) {.fusion-body .fusion-flex-container.fusion-builder-row-1{ padding-top : 30%;margin-top : 30%;}}<\/style><\/div><div class=\"fusion-fullwidth fullwidth-box fusion-builder-row-2 fusion-flex-container nonhundred-percent-fullwidth non-hundred-percent-height-scrolling\" style=\"background-color: rgba(255,255,255,0);background-position: center center;background-repeat: no-repeat;border-width: 0px 0px 0px 0px;border-color:#eae9e9;border-style:solid;\" ><div class=\"fusion-builder-row fusion-row fusion-flex-align-items-center fusion-flex-justify-content-center\" style=\"max-width:1216.8px;margin-left: calc(-4% \/ 2 );margin-right: calc(-4% \/ 2 );\"><div class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-1 fusion_builder_column_1_1 1_1 fusion-flex-column\"><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-flex-justify-content-flex-start fusion-content-layout-column\" style=\"background-position:left top;background-repeat:no-repeat;-webkit-background-size:cover;-moz-background-size:cover;-o-background-size:cover;background-size:cover;padding: 0px 0px 0px 0px;\"><div class=\"fusion-separator fusion-full-width-sep\" style=\"align-self: center;margin-left: auto;margin-right: auto;width:100%;\"><div class=\"fusion-separator-border sep-single sep-solid\" style=\"border-color:rgba(255,255,255,0.2);border-top-width:2px;\"><\/div><\/div><style type=\"text\/css\">@media only screen and (max-width:1024px) {.fusion-title.fusion-title-2{margin-top:0px!important;margin-bottom:20px!important;}}<\/style><div class=\"fusion-title title fusion-title-2 fusion-sep-none fusion-title-center fusion-title-text fusion-title-size-two\" style=\"margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:20px;\"><h2 class=\"title-heading-center\" style=\"margin:0;\"><h3 style=\"text-align: left;\">The other artworks of the exhibition<\/h3><\/h2><\/div><div class=\"fusion-blog-shortcode fusion-blog-shortcode-1 fusion-blog-archive fusion-blog-layout-grid-wrapper fusion-blog-no\"><style type=\"text\/css\">.fusion-blog-shortcode-1 .fusion-blog-layout-grid .fusion-post-grid{padding:20px;}.fusion-blog-shortcode-1 .fusion-posts-container{margin-left: -20px !important; margin-right:-20px !important;}<\/style><div class=\"fusion-posts-container fusion-posts-container-no fusion-no-meta-info fusion-blog-rollover fusion-blog-layout-grid fusion-blog-layout-grid-3 isotope fusion-blog-equal-heights\" data-pages=\"11\" data-grid-col-space=\"40\" style=\"margin: -20px -20px 0;min-height:500px;\"><article id=\"blog-1-post-7457\" class=\"fusion-post-grid post-7457 post type-post status-publish format-standard has-post-thumbnail hentry category-constancia-en\">\n<div class=\"fusion-post-wrapper\" style=\"background-color:rgba(33,35,38,1);border:1px solid #212326;border-bottom-width:3px;\">\r\n\r\n\t\t\t<div class=\"fusion-flexslider flexslider fusion-flexslider-loading fusion-post-slideshow\" style=\"border-color:#212326;\">\r\n\t\t<ul class=\"slides\">\r\n\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<li>\r\n\r\n<div  class=\"fusion-image-wrapper\" aria-haspopup=\"true\">\r\n\t\r\n\t\r\n\t\r\n\t\t\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<img width=\"1024\" height=\"768\" src=\"https:\/\/www.stanzeitaliane.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/Constancia_Cat-08.jpg\" class=\"attachment-full size-full wp-post-image\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.stanzeitaliane.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/Constancia_Cat-08-200x150.jpg 200w, https:\/\/www.stanzeitaliane.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/Constancia_Cat-08-400x300.jpg 400w, https:\/\/www.stanzeitaliane.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/Constancia_Cat-08-600x450.jpg 600w, https:\/\/www.stanzeitaliane.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/Constancia_Cat-08-800x600.jpg 800w, https:\/\/www.stanzeitaliane.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/Constancia_Cat-08.jpg 1024w\" sizes=\"(min-width: 2200px) 100vw, (min-width: 1004px) 363px, (min-width: 822px) 545px, (min-width: 640px) 822px, \" \/>\r\n\t\r\n\r\n\t\t<div class=\"fusion-rollover\">\r\n\t<div class=\"fusion-rollover-content\">\r\n\r\n\t\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h4 class=\"fusion-rollover-title\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"fusion-rollover-title-link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.stanzeitaliane.it\/en\/08-cat-8-constancia-en\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t8. Madonna Hodigh\u00edtria called \u2018of the Pearl\u2019 or \u2018Pearled\u2019\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\r\n\t\t\t\t<\/h4>\r\n\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\r\n\t\t\t\t<a class=\"fusion-link-wrapper\" href=\"https:\/\/www.stanzeitaliane.it\/en\/08-cat-8-constancia-en\" aria-label=\"8. Madonna Hodigh\u00edtria called \u2018of the Pearl\u2019 or \u2018Pearled\u2019\"><\/a>\r\n\t<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n\r\n\t\r\n<\/div>\r\n<\/li>\r\n\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/ul>\r\n\t<\/div>\r\n\t<div class=\"fusion-post-content-wrapper\" style=\"padding:30px 25px 20px 25px;\"><div class=\"fusion-post-content post-content\"><h2 class=\"blog-shortcode-post-title entry-title\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.stanzeitaliane.it\/en\/08-cat-8-constancia-en\">8. Madonna Hodigh\u00edtria called \u2018of the Pearl\u2019 or \u2018Pearled\u2019<\/a><\/h2><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-clearfix\"><\/div><\/div>\n<\/article>\n<article id=\"blog-1-post-7403\" class=\"fusion-post-grid post-7403 post type-post status-publish format-standard has-post-thumbnail hentry category-constancia-en\">\n<div class=\"fusion-post-wrapper\" style=\"background-color:rgba(33,35,38,1);border:1px solid #212326;border-bottom-width:3px;\">\r\n\r\n\t\t\t<div class=\"fusion-flexslider flexslider fusion-flexslider-loading fusion-post-slideshow\" style=\"border-color:#212326;\">\r\n\t\t<ul class=\"slides\">\r\n\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<li>\r\n\r\n<div  class=\"fusion-image-wrapper\" aria-haspopup=\"true\">\r\n\t\r\n\t\r\n\t\r\n\t\t\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<img width=\"1024\" height=\"768\" src=\"https:\/\/www.stanzeitaliane.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/Constancia_Cat-20.jpg\" class=\"attachment-full size-full wp-post-image\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.stanzeitaliane.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/Constancia_Cat-20-200x150.jpg 200w, https:\/\/www.stanzeitaliane.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/Constancia_Cat-20-400x300.jpg 400w, https:\/\/www.stanzeitaliane.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/Constancia_Cat-20-600x450.jpg 600w, https:\/\/www.stanzeitaliane.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/Constancia_Cat-20-800x600.jpg 800w, https:\/\/www.stanzeitaliane.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/Constancia_Cat-20.jpg 1024w\" sizes=\"(min-width: 2200px) 100vw, (min-width: 1004px) 363px, (min-width: 822px) 545px, (min-width: 640px) 822px, \" \/>\r\n\t\r\n\r\n\t\t<div class=\"fusion-rollover\">\r\n\t<div class=\"fusion-rollover-content\">\r\n\r\n\t\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h4 class=\"fusion-rollover-title\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"fusion-rollover-title-link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.stanzeitaliane.it\/en\/20-cat-20-constancia-en\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t20. Frederick II receives from philosopher Michael Scot the translation of the works of Aristotle\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\r\n\t\t\t\t<\/h4>\r\n\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\r\n\t\t\t\t<a class=\"fusion-link-wrapper\" href=\"https:\/\/www.stanzeitaliane.it\/en\/20-cat-20-constancia-en\" aria-label=\"20. Frederick II receives from philosopher Michael Scot the translation of the works of Aristotle\"><\/a>\r\n\t<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n\r\n\t\r\n<\/div>\r\n<\/li>\r\n\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/ul>\r\n\t<\/div>\r\n\t<div class=\"fusion-post-content-wrapper\" style=\"padding:30px 25px 20px 25px;\"><div class=\"fusion-post-content post-content\"><h2 class=\"blog-shortcode-post-title entry-title\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.stanzeitaliane.it\/en\/20-cat-20-constancia-en\">20. Frederick II receives from philosopher Michael Scot the translation of the works of Aristotle<\/a><\/h2><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-clearfix\"><\/div><\/div>\n<\/article>\n<article id=\"blog-1-post-7425\" class=\"fusion-post-grid post-7425 post type-post status-publish format-standard has-post-thumbnail hentry category-constancia-en\">\n<div class=\"fusion-post-wrapper\" style=\"background-color:rgba(33,35,38,1);border:1px solid #212326;border-bottom-width:3px;\">\r\n\r\n\t\t\t<div class=\"fusion-flexslider flexslider fusion-flexslider-loading fusion-post-slideshow\" style=\"border-color:#212326;\">\r\n\t\t<ul class=\"slides\">\r\n\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<li>\r\n\r\n<div  class=\"fusion-image-wrapper\" aria-haspopup=\"true\">\r\n\t\r\n\t\r\n\t\r\n\t\t\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<img width=\"1024\" height=\"768\" src=\"https:\/\/www.stanzeitaliane.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/Constancia_Cat-15.jpg\" class=\"attachment-full size-full wp-post-image\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.stanzeitaliane.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/Constancia_Cat-15-200x150.jpg 200w, https:\/\/www.stanzeitaliane.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/Constancia_Cat-15-400x300.jpg 400w, https:\/\/www.stanzeitaliane.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/Constancia_Cat-15-600x450.jpg 600w, https:\/\/www.stanzeitaliane.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/Constancia_Cat-15-800x600.jpg 800w, https:\/\/www.stanzeitaliane.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/Constancia_Cat-15.jpg 1024w\" sizes=\"(min-width: 2200px) 100vw, (min-width: 1004px) 363px, (min-width: 822px) 545px, (min-width: 640px) 822px, \" \/>\r\n\t\r\n\r\n\t\t<div class=\"fusion-rollover\">\r\n\t<div class=\"fusion-rollover-content\">\r\n\r\n\t\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h4 class=\"fusion-rollover-title\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"fusion-rollover-title-link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.stanzeitaliane.it\/en\/15-cat-15-constancia-en\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t15. Capital and column base\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\r\n\t\t\t\t<\/h4>\r\n\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\r\n\t\t\t\t<a class=\"fusion-link-wrapper\" href=\"https:\/\/www.stanzeitaliane.it\/en\/15-cat-15-constancia-en\" aria-label=\"15. Capital and column base\"><\/a>\r\n\t<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n\r\n\t\r\n<\/div>\r\n<\/li>\r\n\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/ul>\r\n\t<\/div>\r\n\t<div class=\"fusion-post-content-wrapper\" style=\"padding:30px 25px 20px 25px;\"><div class=\"fusion-post-content post-content\"><h2 class=\"blog-shortcode-post-title entry-title\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.stanzeitaliane.it\/en\/15-cat-15-constancia-en\">15. Capital and column base<\/a><\/h2><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-clearfix\"><\/div><\/div>\n<\/article>\n<div class=\"fusion-clearfix\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><style type=\"text\/css\">.fusion-body .fusion-builder-column-1{width:100% !important;margin-top : 0px;margin-bottom : 50px;}.fusion-builder-column-1 > .fusion-column-wrapper {padding-top : 0px !important;padding-right : 0px !important;margin-right : 1.92%;padding-bottom : 0px !important;padding-left : 0px !important;margin-left : 1.92%;}@media only screen and (max-width:1024px) {.fusion-body .fusion-builder-column-1{width:100% !important;order : 0;}.fusion-builder-column-1 > .fusion-column-wrapper {margin-right : 1.92%;margin-left : 1.92%;}}@media only screen and (max-width:640px) {.fusion-body .fusion-builder-column-1{width:100% !important;order : 0;}.fusion-builder-column-1 > .fusion-column-wrapper {margin-right : 1.92%;margin-left : 1.92%;}}<\/style><\/div><style type=\"text\/css\">.fusion-body .fusion-flex-container.fusion-builder-row-2{ padding-top : 0px;margin-top : 0px;padding-right : 0px;padding-bottom : 0px;margin-bottom : 0px;padding-left : 0px;}<\/style><\/div><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"","protected":false},"author":6,"featured_media":7179,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[680],"tags":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v16.0.2 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>23. 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