{"id":7387,"date":"2021-03-01T22:14:34","date_gmt":"2021-03-01T21:14:34","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.stanzeitaliane.it\/?p=7387"},"modified":"2022-03-06T20:17:41","modified_gmt":"2022-03-06T19:17:41","slug":"24-cat-24-constancia-en","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.stanzeitaliane.it\/en\/24-cat-24-constancia-en","title":{"rendered":"24. The Sicilian Vesper"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><div class=\"fusion-fullwidth fullwidth-box fusion-builder-row-1 fusion-flex-container nonhundred-percent-fullwidth non-hundred-percent-height-scrolling\" style=\"background-color: #0071bb;background-position: center center;background-repeat: no-repeat;border-width: 0px 0px 0px 0px;border-color:#eae9e9;border-style:solid;\" ><div class=\"fusion-builder-row fusion-row fusion-flex-align-items-flex-start\" style=\"max-width:1216.8px;margin-left: calc(-4% \/ 2 );margin-right: calc(-4% \/ 2 );\"><div class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-0 fusion_builder_column_1_1 1_1 fusion-flex-column\"><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-flex-justify-content-flex-start fusion-content-layout-column\" style=\"background-position:left top;background-repeat:no-repeat;-webkit-background-size:cover;-moz-background-size:cover;-o-background-size:cover;background-size:cover;padding: 0px 0px 0px 0px;\"><div style=\"text-align:left;\"><span class=\" fusion-imageframe imageframe-none imageframe-1 hover-type-none\"><img width=\"1980\" height=\"1436\" title=\"Constancia Cat 24\" src=\"https:\/\/www.stanzeitaliane.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/Constancia-Cat-24.jpg\" class=\"img-responsive wp-image-7301\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.stanzeitaliane.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/Constancia-Cat-24-200x145.jpg 200w, https:\/\/www.stanzeitaliane.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/Constancia-Cat-24-400x290.jpg 400w, https:\/\/www.stanzeitaliane.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/Constancia-Cat-24-600x435.jpg 600w, https:\/\/www.stanzeitaliane.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/Constancia-Cat-24-800x580.jpg 800w, https:\/\/www.stanzeitaliane.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/Constancia-Cat-24-1200x870.jpg 1200w, https:\/\/www.stanzeitaliane.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/Constancia-Cat-24.jpg 1980w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, (max-width: 640px) 100vw, 1200px\" \/><\/span><\/div><style type=\"text\/css\">@media only screen and (max-width:1024px) {.fusion-title.fusion-title-1{margin-top:10%!important;margin-bottom:!important;}}@media only screen and (max-width:640px) {.fusion-title.fusion-title-1{margin-top:15%!important;margin-bottom:20px!important;}}<\/style><div class=\"fusion-title title fusion-title-1 fusion-sep-none fusion-title-text fusion-title-size-one\" style=\"margin-top:2%;margin-bottom:20px;\"><h1 class=\"title-heading-left\" style=\"font-family:&quot;Titillium Web&quot;;font-weight:700;margin:0;color:#ffffff;\"><h1>24. The Sicilian Vesper<\/h1><\/h1><\/div><div class=\"fusion-text fusion-text-1\" style=\"font-size:16px;line-height:2;font-family:&quot;PT Serif&quot;;font-weight:400;transform:translate3d(0,0,0);\"><p class=\"p1\">Bernardino Riccardi, mid-19th c. \u2013 before 1854<br \/>\n<strong>The Sicilian Vesper<\/strong><br \/>\noil on canvas within in gilded wooden frame<br \/>\n(135&#215;175 cm; canvas: 111&#215;151 cm)<br \/>\nPalermo, Tasca d\u2019Almerita Collection<\/p>\n<\/div><div class=\"fusion-text fusion-text-2\" style=\"font-size:16px;line-height:2;font-family:&quot;PT Serif&quot;;font-weight:400;transform:translate3d(0,0,0);\"><p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">This painting portrays a very famous historical episode, a French soldier harassing a Sicilian woman on March 30 or 31, 1282, which triggered the revolt of the so-called Sicilian Vespers (Focus cat. 24).\u00a0<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335551550&quot;:6,&quot;335551620&quot;:6,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:259}\"><br \/>\n<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">The work was commissioned by Lucio Mastrogiovanni Tasca and Nicolosi Count d\u2019Almerita (about 1820 &#8211; 1892) in the mid-nineteenth century to painter Bernardino Riccardi (1814-1854), born in Parma but working in Rome.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335551550&quot;:6,&quot;335551620&quot;:6,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:259}\"><br \/>\n<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">The Count was probably against the Bourbon dynasty that had been ruling over Southern Italy since 1735. This subject was interpreted, not only in Sicily, as the first stage of the struggle for liberation against tyranny.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335551550&quot;:6,&quot;335551620&quot;:6,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:259}\"><br \/>\n<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">The subject of Riccardi\u2019s painting is largely taken from the same subject painted by Francesco Hayez in 1822. At the center of the scene \u2013 with the imaginary Norman church of S. Spirit of Palermo on the background \u2013 there is the woman who suffered the violence and who, fainting, is rescued by a friar and another woman.\u00a0<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335551550&quot;:6,&quot;335551620&quot;:6,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:259}\"><br \/>\n<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Her husband is portrayed as he beats the soldier (wearing the blue robe with lilies of France), who is killed by another character.\u00a0<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335551550&quot;:6,&quot;335551620&quot;:6,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:259}\"><br \/>\n<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">All around them, the revolt of the Sicilians against the invaders, while in the background, on the left, you can see Palermo surrounded by the lush plain, with its characteristic monumental Monte Pellegrino.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335551550&quot;:6,&quot;335551620&quot;:6,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:259}\"><br \/>\n<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">The violence against a woman during the Vespers led another woman, Constance of Swabia, to avenge the murder of her father Manfred by King Charles of Anjou, taking back the throne of her\u00a0 grandfather, King and Emperor Frederick II.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;201341983&quot;:0,&quot;335551550&quot;:6,&quot;335551620&quot;:6,&quot;335559739&quot;:160,&quot;335559740&quot;:259}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div><div class=\"fusion-text fusion-text-3\" style=\"font-size:16px;line-height:2;font-family:&quot;PT Serif&quot;;font-weight:400;transform:translate3d(0,0,0);\"><h3><strong>Focus &#8211; The Sicilian Vespers<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p>During the \u201cSicilian Vespers\u201d, at the end of March 1282 (on 30 or 31) near the Norman church of S. Spirito in Palermo, the people of Palermo rebelled against the Angevin rulers, so called after the name of the King of Naples, Charles of Anjou, who had been supported by Pope Innocent IV and who had defeated Manfred of Swabia at Benevento in 1266.<br \/>\nAccording to the tradition, the outbreak of the revolt was caused by a French soldier who had molested a helpless Sicilian woman, triggering the reaction of fellow citizens.<br \/>\nThe commotion \u2013 which had certainly been organized \u2013 spread throughout Sicily and put in serious difficulty the French, until the arrival on the island of King Peter III of Aragon.<br \/>\nThe Aragonese sovereign was summoned by the Sicilians, who saw him as the legitimate sovereign, having married Constance of Swabia, daughter of Manfred and granddaughter of King and Emperor Frederick II and therefore the main heir to the throne of Sicily.<br \/>\nBy doing so, the Sicilians aimed to bring the crown back to the origins of the Norman-Swabian kingdom and, above all, to claim an island kingdom independent from Naples.<br \/>\nThe fame of this event lasted over the centuries and was recalled during the revolutionary uprisings against the Bourbon sovereigns in the first half of the nineteenth century, because it was the emblem of a united and independent Sicilian nation (Focus cat. 24 bis)<br \/>\nThe Sicilian Vespers as a fundamental example against tyranny was disseminated by Arabist historian Michele Amari Palermo (1806-1889), who published a volume dedicated to this episode in Paris in 1843.<br \/>\nThe \u201cVespers\u201d were also immortalized by famous painters, including Francesco Hayez (1791-1882) and Domenico Morelli (1823-1901), and Giuseppe Verdi (1813-1901) composed the opera \u201cI Vespri Siciliani\u201d, staged in Paris in 1855.<\/p>\n<h3><strong>Focus &#8211;\u00a0 The Creation of the Norman Myth in the Nineteenth Century, Aristocratic Patronage in Palermo<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p>Alongside the royal commissions of the Bourbons (Focus, cat. 21) on the buildings of power (political: the Royal Palace of Palermo; religious: the Cathedral), some of Palermo\u2019s aristocrats also recognized in the medievalist revival a style that was, at the same time, fashionable and representative of the historical and cultural roots of the Sicilian nation. Some of them saw the example of the Sicilian Vespers as the political key (Focus cat. 24).<br \/>\nOne of the first was the nobleman Ettore Pignatelli Aragona, who built a romantic neo-Gothic building by the sea between 1827 and 1829 with architect Domenico Cavallari Spadafora. He called it Villa Cort\u00e8s, from the name of the conqueror Hern\u00e1n Cort\u00e9s from whom his princely family was proud to descend.<br \/>\nWith greater stylistic care, around 1835 Domenico Lo Faso Pietrasanta Duke of Serradifalco, a man with a vast culture and main reference for the travelers of the Grand Tour (Focus cat. 22), erected a small palace out of the city walls with the collaboration of the same architect.<br \/>\nBetween the fourth and the fifth decade of the century another very influent figure, the administrator of the royal properties in Palermo, Marquis Enrico Forcella, transformed an ancient ruined palace in an \u201cArab-Norman\u201d commemoration. It included a hall that recalled the Alhambra in Granada (Spain), a hall with a copy of the mosaics of the <em>Zisa<\/em>, a hall with a reproduction of the mosaics of the Hall of King Roger in the Royal Palace.<br \/>\nThese sumptuous and cultured spaces became so popular that they were visited among others by King Ferdinand II of the two Sicilies, Crown Prince Charles of Prussia and King Ludwig of Bavaria.<br \/>\nAnother conspicuous example is the so-called casino of the \u201cQuattro Pizzi\u201d on the sea of Arenella in Palermo, built by architect Carlo Giachery (1840-44), by will of a bourgeois entrepreneur on the rise, the founder of the main industrial family in Palermo of the Belle Epoque: Vincenzo Florio. This building too aroused the interest of none other than Tsar Nicholas I of Russia, which had a replica built in St. Petersburg.<br \/>\nMeanwhile, around 1835-36, Lieutenant General of the King (the viceroy), Antonio Lucchesi Palli Prince of Campofranco, commissioned architect Emmanuele Palazzotto to realize the neo-medieval facade of his city palace.<br \/>\nSignificantly, the building overlooks the square dedicated to the Cross of Vespers, that is, where many of the French killed during the historic revolt of 1282 are thought to have been buried.<\/p>\n<\/div><div ><style type=\"text\/css\">.fusion-button.button-1 .fusion-button-text, .fusion-button.button-1 i {color:#0071bb;}.fusion-button.button-1 .fusion-button-icon-divider{border-color:#0071bb;}.fusion-button.button-1:hover .fusion-button-text, .fusion-button.button-1:hover i,.fusion-button.button-1:focus .fusion-button-text, .fusion-button.button-1:focus i,.fusion-button.button-1:active .fusion-button-text, 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fusion-builder-row-2 fusion-flex-container nonhundred-percent-fullwidth non-hundred-percent-height-scrolling\" style=\"background-color: rgba(255,255,255,0);background-position: center center;background-repeat: no-repeat;border-width: 0px 0px 0px 0px;border-color:#eae9e9;border-style:solid;\" ><div class=\"fusion-builder-row fusion-row fusion-flex-align-items-center fusion-flex-justify-content-center\" style=\"max-width:1216.8px;margin-left: calc(-4% \/ 2 );margin-right: calc(-4% \/ 2 );\"><div class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-1 fusion_builder_column_1_1 1_1 fusion-flex-column\"><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-flex-justify-content-flex-start fusion-content-layout-column\" style=\"background-position:left top;background-repeat:no-repeat;-webkit-background-size:cover;-moz-background-size:cover;-o-background-size:cover;background-size:cover;padding: 0px 0px 0px 0px;\"><div class=\"fusion-separator fusion-full-width-sep\" style=\"align-self: center;margin-left: auto;margin-right: auto;width:100%;\"><div class=\"fusion-separator-border sep-single sep-solid\" style=\"border-color:rgba(255,255,255,0.2);border-top-width:2px;\"><\/div><\/div><style type=\"text\/css\">@media only screen and (max-width:1024px) {.fusion-title.fusion-title-2{margin-top:0px!important;margin-bottom:20px!important;}}<\/style><div class=\"fusion-title title fusion-title-2 fusion-sep-none fusion-title-center fusion-title-text fusion-title-size-two\" style=\"margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:20px;\"><h2 class=\"title-heading-center\" style=\"margin:0;\"><h3 style=\"text-align: left;\">The other artworks of the exhibition<\/h3><\/h2><\/div><div class=\"fusion-blog-shortcode fusion-blog-shortcode-1 fusion-blog-archive fusion-blog-layout-grid-wrapper fusion-blog-no\"><style type=\"text\/css\">.fusion-blog-shortcode-1 .fusion-blog-layout-grid .fusion-post-grid{padding:20px;}.fusion-blog-shortcode-1 .fusion-posts-container{margin-left: -20px 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src=\"https:\/\/www.stanzeitaliane.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/Constancia_Cat-02.jpg\" class=\"attachment-full size-full wp-post-image\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.stanzeitaliane.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/Constancia_Cat-02-200x150.jpg 200w, https:\/\/www.stanzeitaliane.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/Constancia_Cat-02-400x300.jpg 400w, https:\/\/www.stanzeitaliane.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/Constancia_Cat-02-600x450.jpg 600w, https:\/\/www.stanzeitaliane.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/Constancia_Cat-02-800x600.jpg 800w, https:\/\/www.stanzeitaliane.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/Constancia_Cat-02.jpg 1024w\" sizes=\"(min-width: 2200px) 100vw, (min-width: 1004px) 363px, (min-width: 822px) 545px, (min-width: 640px) 822px, \" \/>\r\n\t\r\n\r\n\t\t<div class=\"fusion-rollover\">\r\n\t<div class=\"fusion-rollover-content\">\r\n\r\n\t\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h4 class=\"fusion-rollover-title\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"fusion-rollover-title-link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.stanzeitaliane.it\/en\/02-cat-2-constancia-en\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t2. Sacramentary used for a period by the women of the Court\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\r\n\t\t\t\t<\/h4>\r\n\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\r\n\t\t\t\t<a class=\"fusion-link-wrapper\" href=\"https:\/\/www.stanzeitaliane.it\/en\/02-cat-2-constancia-en\" aria-label=\"2. Sacramentary used for a period by the women of the Court\"><\/a>\r\n\t<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n\r\n\t\r\n<\/div>\r\n<\/li>\r\n\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/ul>\r\n\t<\/div>\r\n\t<div class=\"fusion-post-content-wrapper\" style=\"padding:30px 25px 20px 25px;\"><div class=\"fusion-post-content post-content\"><h2 class=\"blog-shortcode-post-title entry-title\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.stanzeitaliane.it\/en\/02-cat-2-constancia-en\">2. Sacramentary used for a period by the women of the Court<\/a><\/h2><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-clearfix\"><\/div><\/div>\n<\/article>\n<article id=\"blog-1-post-7430\" class=\"fusion-post-grid post-7430 post type-post status-publish format-standard has-post-thumbnail hentry category-constancia-en\">\n<div class=\"fusion-post-wrapper\" style=\"background-color:rgba(33,35,38,1);border:1px solid #212326;border-bottom-width:3px;\">\r\n\r\n\t\t\t<div class=\"fusion-flexslider flexslider fusion-flexslider-loading fusion-post-slideshow\" style=\"border-color:#212326;\">\r\n\t\t<ul class=\"slides\">\r\n\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<li>\r\n\r\n<div  class=\"fusion-image-wrapper\" aria-haspopup=\"true\">\r\n\t\r\n\t\r\n\t\r\n\t\t\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<img width=\"1024\" height=\"768\" src=\"https:\/\/www.stanzeitaliane.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/Constancia_Cat-14.jpg\" class=\"attachment-full size-full wp-post-image\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.stanzeitaliane.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/Constancia_Cat-14-200x150.jpg 200w, https:\/\/www.stanzeitaliane.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/Constancia_Cat-14-400x300.jpg 400w, https:\/\/www.stanzeitaliane.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/Constancia_Cat-14-600x450.jpg 600w, https:\/\/www.stanzeitaliane.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/Constancia_Cat-14-800x600.jpg 800w, https:\/\/www.stanzeitaliane.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/Constancia_Cat-14.jpg 1024w\" sizes=\"(min-width: 2200px) 100vw, (min-width: 1004px) 363px, (min-width: 822px) 545px, (min-width: 640px) 822px, \" \/>\r\n\t\r\n\r\n\t\t<div class=\"fusion-rollover\">\r\n\t<div class=\"fusion-rollover-content\">\r\n\r\n\t\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h4 class=\"fusion-rollover-title\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"fusion-rollover-title-link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.stanzeitaliane.it\/en\/14-cat-14-constancia-en\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t14. Denari \u2018of the wedding\u2019\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\r\n\t\t\t\t<\/h4>\r\n\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\r\n\t\t\t\t<a class=\"fusion-link-wrapper\" href=\"https:\/\/www.stanzeitaliane.it\/en\/14-cat-14-constancia-en\" aria-label=\"14. Denari \u2018of the wedding\u2019\"><\/a>\r\n\t<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n\r\n\t\r\n<\/div>\r\n<\/li>\r\n\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/ul>\r\n\t<\/div>\r\n\t<div class=\"fusion-post-content-wrapper\" style=\"padding:30px 25px 20px 25px;\"><div class=\"fusion-post-content post-content\"><h2 class=\"blog-shortcode-post-title entry-title\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.stanzeitaliane.it\/en\/14-cat-14-constancia-en\">14. Denari \u2018of the wedding\u2019<\/a><\/h2><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-clearfix\"><\/div><\/div>\n<\/article>\n<article id=\"blog-1-post-7494\" class=\"fusion-post-grid post-7494 post type-post status-publish format-standard has-post-thumbnail hentry category-constancia-en\">\n<div class=\"fusion-post-wrapper\" style=\"background-color:rgba(33,35,38,1);border:1px solid #212326;border-bottom-width:3px;\">\r\n\r\n\t\t\t<div class=\"fusion-flexslider flexslider fusion-flexslider-loading fusion-post-slideshow\" style=\"border-color:#212326;\">\r\n\t\t<ul class=\"slides\">\r\n\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<li>\r\n\r\n<div  class=\"fusion-image-wrapper\" aria-haspopup=\"true\">\r\n\t\r\n\t\r\n\t\r\n\t\t\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<img width=\"1024\" height=\"768\" src=\"https:\/\/www.stanzeitaliane.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/Constancia_Cat-11.jpg\" class=\"attachment-full size-full wp-post-image\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.stanzeitaliane.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/Constancia_Cat-11-200x150.jpg 200w, https:\/\/www.stanzeitaliane.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/Constancia_Cat-11-400x300.jpg 400w, https:\/\/www.stanzeitaliane.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/Constancia_Cat-11-600x450.jpg 600w, https:\/\/www.stanzeitaliane.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/Constancia_Cat-11-800x600.jpg 800w, https:\/\/www.stanzeitaliane.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/Constancia_Cat-11.jpg 1024w\" sizes=\"(min-width: 2200px) 100vw, (min-width: 1004px) 363px, (min-width: 822px) 545px, (min-width: 640px) 822px, \" \/>\r\n\t\r\n\r\n\t\t<div class=\"fusion-rollover\">\r\n\t<div class=\"fusion-rollover-content\">\r\n\r\n\t\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h4 class=\"fusion-rollover-title\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"fusion-rollover-title-link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.stanzeitaliane.it\/en\/11-cat-11-constancia-en\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t11. Mandate of Constance Hauteville\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\r\n\t\t\t\t<\/h4>\r\n\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\r\n\t\t\t\t<a class=\"fusion-link-wrapper\" href=\"https:\/\/www.stanzeitaliane.it\/en\/11-cat-11-constancia-en\" aria-label=\"11. Mandate of Constance Hauteville\"><\/a>\r\n\t<\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n\r\n\t\r\n<\/div>\r\n<\/li>\r\n\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/ul>\r\n\t<\/div>\r\n\t<div class=\"fusion-post-content-wrapper\" style=\"padding:30px 25px 20px 25px;\"><div class=\"fusion-post-content post-content\"><h2 class=\"blog-shortcode-post-title entry-title\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.stanzeitaliane.it\/en\/11-cat-11-constancia-en\">11. Mandate of Constance Hauteville<\/a><\/h2><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-clearfix\"><\/div><\/div>\n<\/article>\n<div class=\"fusion-clearfix\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><style type=\"text\/css\">.fusion-body .fusion-builder-column-1{width:100% !important;margin-top : 0px;margin-bottom : 50px;}.fusion-builder-column-1 > .fusion-column-wrapper {padding-top : 0px !important;padding-right : 0px !important;margin-right : 1.92%;padding-bottom : 0px !important;padding-left : 0px !important;margin-left : 1.92%;}@media only screen and (max-width:1024px) {.fusion-body .fusion-builder-column-1{width:100% !important;order : 0;}.fusion-builder-column-1 > .fusion-column-wrapper {margin-right : 1.92%;margin-left : 1.92%;}}@media only screen and (max-width:640px) {.fusion-body .fusion-builder-column-1{width:100% !important;order : 0;}.fusion-builder-column-1 > .fusion-column-wrapper {margin-right : 1.92%;margin-left : 1.92%;}}<\/style><\/div><style type=\"text\/css\">.fusion-body .fusion-flex-container.fusion-builder-row-2{ padding-top : 0px;margin-top : 0px;padding-right : 0px;padding-bottom : 0px;margin-bottom : 0px;padding-left : 0px;}<\/style><\/div><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"","protected":false},"author":6,"featured_media":7181,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[680],"tags":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v16.0.2 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>24. The Sicilian Vesper - Stanze italiane<\/title>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"24. The Sicilian Vesper - Stanze italiane\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/www.stanzeitaliane.it\/en\/24-cat-24-constancia-en\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Stanze italiane\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2021-03-01T21:14:34+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2022-03-06T19:17:41+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/www.stanzeitaliane.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/Constancia_Cat-24.jpg\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"1024\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"768\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Est. reading time\">\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"8 minutes\">\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Organization\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.stanzeitaliane.it\/#organization\",\"name\":\"Stanze italiane - Istituto Italiano di Cultura di New York\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.stanzeitaliane.it\/\",\"sameAs\":[],\"logo\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.stanzeitaliane.it\/#logo\",\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.stanzeitaliane.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/Stanze-italiane-logo-sito-e1614088138382.png\",\"width\":224,\"height\":100,\"caption\":\"Stanze italiane - Istituto Italiano di Cultura di New York\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.stanzeitaliane.it\/#logo\"}},{\"@type\":\"WebSite\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.stanzeitaliane.it\/#website\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.stanzeitaliane.it\/\",\"name\":\"Stanze italiane\",\"description\":\"\",\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.stanzeitaliane.it\/#organization\"},\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"SearchAction\",\"target\":\"https:\/\/www.stanzeitaliane.it\/?s={search_term_string}\",\"query-input\":\"required name=search_term_string\"}],\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\"},{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.stanzeitaliane.it\/en\/24-cat-24-constancia-en#primaryimage\",\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.stanzeitaliane.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/Constancia_Cat-24.jpg\",\"width\":1024,\"height\":768},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.stanzeitaliane.it\/en\/24-cat-24-constancia-en#webpage\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.stanzeitaliane.it\/en\/24-cat-24-constancia-en\",\"name\":\"24. 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